主の祈りに見る英語の変遷
『マタイによる福音書
6章9節-13節』(1)聖書における英語の変遷を見るうえで各時代の「主の祈り」が用いられている。
現代から過去にさかのぼる順番で並べてみた。この方が分りやすいと思う。引用は、
「英語聖書の歴史」と上智大学土家典生教授のテキストからの流用である。
(2)一読して分るようにテインダル訳以降は近代英語(
Modern English)若干綴りの違いがあるが発音、語順等はほぼ同じである。西サクソン語福音書のものは、古英語(
Old English)であり,ゲルマン語的性格を残している。破線で区別している。語順通りに訳を下につけてある。この時代のアルファベットの一部はパソコンに無いので類似の文字で代用した。
最後の頌栄は
JW以前及びRV以降は無い。(3)記号の説明
記号 |
聖書 |
年代 |
RSV |
改定標準訳 |
1946 年 |
RV |
改定訳 |
1881 年 |
AV |
欽定訳 |
1611 年 |
GV |
ジュネーヴ聖書 |
1560 年 |
WT |
テインダル訳 |
1534 年 |
JW |
ウイクリフ派聖書 |
1384 年 |
OE |
西サクソン語福音書 |
10 世紀末 |
訳 |
上記の対比訳 |
|
(4)主の祈り「
The Lord's Prayer」古英語「Fæder ūre」ラテン語「Pater noster」RSV
Our Father who art in heaven,RV
Our Father which art in heaven,AV
Our father which art in heauen,GV
Our father which art in heauen,WT
O oure father which arte in heven,JW
Oure fadir that art in heuenes,------------------------------------------------------
OE
Fæder ūre, Þu Þe eart on heofonum,訳
Father our, thou that art in heavens,----------------------------------------------------------
RSV
Hallowed be thy name.RV
Hallowed be thy name.AV
hallowed be thy name.GV
halowed be thy Name.WT
halowed be thy name.JW
halwid be thi name;------------------------------------------------------------
OE
sī Þīn nama gehālgod.訳
be thine name hallowed.---------------------------------------------------------------
RSV
Thy kingdom come.RV
Thy kingdom come.AV
Thy kingdome come.GV
Thy kingdome come.WT
Let thy kingdome come.JW
thi kyngdom cumme to;-----------------------------------------------------
OE
Tōbecume Þīn rīce.訳
Come thine kingdom.------------------------------------------------------
RSV
Thy will be done,RV
Thy will be done,AV
Thy will be done,GV
Thy wil be doneWT
Thy wyll be fulfilled.JW
be thi wille don-------------------------------------------------------
OE
Gewurδe Þīn willa訳
Be worth thine will--------------------------------------------------------
RSV
On earth as it is in heaven.RV
as in heaven, so on earth.AV
in earth, as it is in heauen.GV
euen in earth, as it is in heauen.WT
as well in erth,as it ys in heven.JW
as in heuen and in erthe;-----------------------------------------------------------------------
OE
on eorδan swā swā on heofonum訳
on earth so so in heavens.------------------------------------------------------------------------
RSV
Give us this day our daily bread;RV
Give us this day our daily bread.AV
Giue vs this day our daily bread.GV
Giue vs this day our daily bread.WT
Geve vs thisdaye oure dayly breede.JW
ζif to vs this day oure breed ouer other substaunce;---------------------------------------------------------------
OE
ūrne gedæghwāmlican hlāf syle ūs tō dæg.訳
our day-while loaf give us today.----------------------------------------------------------------
RSV
And forgive us our debts,RV
And forgive us our debts,AV
And forgiue vs our debts,GV
And forgiue vs our dettes,WT
And forgeve oure trespases.JW
And forζeue to vs oure dettis,----------------------------------------------------------
OE
And forgyf ūs ūre gylyas,訳
And forgive us our guilts,------------------------------------------------------------
RSV
As we also have forgiven our debtors:RV
as we also have forgiven our debtors.AV
as we forgiue our debters.GV
as we also forgiue our detters.WT
even as we forgeve oure trespases.JW
as we forζeue to oure dettours;-------------------------------------------------------------
OE
swā swā we forgyfaδ ūrum gyltendum訳
so so we forgiveth our guilt-doers.-------------------------------------------------------------
RSV
And lead us not into temptation,RV
And bring us not into temptation,AV
And lead vs not into temptation,GV
And lead vs not into tentation,WT
And leade vs not into temptacion:JW
and leede vs nat in to temptacioun,--------------------------------------------------------------
OE
And ne gelæd Þū ūs on costnunge,訳
And not lead thou us into temptation,-------------------------------------------------------------
RSV
But deliver us from evil.RV
but deliver us from the evil one.AV
but deliuer vs from euill:GV
but deliuer vs from euil:WT
but delyver vs from evell.JW
but delyuere vs fro yuel.----------------------------------------------------------------
OE
ac ālўs ūs of ўfele.訳
but allay us of evil-----------------------------------------------------------
AV
For thine is the kingdome,GV
for thine is the kingdome,WT
For thyne is the kyngedome
AV
and the power, and the glory, for euer, Amen.GV
and the power, and the glorie for euer, Amen.WT
and the power, and the glorye for ever. Amen.JW
Amen,……..BMGは,BACHのG線上のアリア
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